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Legal Archive

Registry No. 402-B

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Archive / Terms of Service
Effective Date: October 24, 1894

Terms of Service

Digitized & revised for current catalog

Margaret Hollis
By Margaret Hollis Editor-in-Chief · Bureau of Historical Research Historian of early 20th-century American criminal cases

In plain terms

Use this site for learning and research. Credit us when you quote our archive. Do not copy the whole thing or use it to harm others. We may update these rules.

I. General Provisions

Welcome to The National Archive Ledger. By accessing our historical collections, manuscripts, and associated digital preservation services, you agree to abide by these terms. The materials provided herein are for scholarly, educational, and personal enrichment purposes.

The Ledger reserves the right to amend these terms at any juncture to ensure the continued protection and integrity of the archives. Continued use following any modifications signifies acceptance of the revised conditions.

II. Conditions of Use

  • § 2.1
    Scholarly Integrity: Users are expected to maintain the highest standards of academic honesty when citing or referencing materials drawn from The Ledger. Appropriate attribution must be provided for all historical documents.
  • § 2.2
    Prohibition of Commercial Exploitation: Materials accessed through this service may not be reproduced, sold, or otherwise exploited for commercial gain without explicit written authorization from the Board of Curators.
  • § 2.3
    Digital Preservation Care: Users must not engage in any activity that threatens the structural integrity or availability of the digital archive, including automated scraping, denial of service attacks, or unauthorized data extraction.

III. Intellectual Property Rights

While many documents housed within The Ledger reside in the public domain due to their historical nature, the specific digital reproductions, curatorial metadata, and organizational structure of this platform remain the exclusive property of The Ledger.

Any original essays, annotations, or supplementary materials provided by our scholarly staff are protected by copyright law and may not be redistributed without permission.

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Questions concerning these terms should be directed to the Bureau via the editorial note. See also the privacy policy and editorial note, or return to the current archive.

The Subject

  • Biography (1870–1936)
  • Press Nicknames
  • The Pelvic X-Ray
  • Estella Wilcox (disputed)

The Victims

  • All Victims
  • Grace Budd (1928)
  • Billy Gaffney (1927)
  • Francis McDonnell (1924)

The Letters

  • Letters Archive
  • Budd Letter (1934)
  • Gaffney Letter (1935)
  • Confession Statement

The Case

  • Wisteria Cottage
  • Execution at Sing Sing
  • Chronology
  • Documentary & Film

The Archive

  • Main Archive
  • About / Editorial
  • Sources & Bibliography
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